When couples have problems conceiving, most of them tend to think that the problem is only with the female reproductive system. But infertility in males is also a major cause of conception problems, and therefore, both partners should get the proper diagnosis. For couples experiencing such problems, this diagnostic tool can provide clarity and direction, and turn uncertainty into practical medical guidance. Whether you are having problems with infertility or are just in need of knowing about your fertility potential, a semen analysis test will act as the baseline for all further fertility research.

Here is a guide that discusses the entire semen analysis procedure, results, and advanced diagnosis.

What is semen analysis and how to prepare for a semen analysis?

The semen analysis is a laboratory test that determines the quality and quantity of sperm in a male’s semen. The process involves you giving a sample through masturbation, typically at a clinic or laboratory facility, though you can also opt for home collection with specific guidelines.

Semen analysis requires you to follow certain preparation guidelines to ensure accurate results. Those are:

  • Do not ejaculate for two to five days before testing
  • Abstain from alcohol and drugs. Stop them throughout the week before your test
  • Minimise heat exposure and avoid hot baths and saunas
  • Plan at least two tests a few weeks apart so that the results are accurate

Key Parameters Measured in Semen Analysis

A semen analysis test analyses several important parameters, which together define the potential of male fertility. Those parameters are:

  • Semen volume
    It is a measurement of total ejaculate where normal ranges are between 1.5 and 5 millilitres.
  • Sperm concentration (count)
    It quantifies the number of sperm per millilitre, with healthy levels exceeding 15 million.
  • Sperm motility
    It determines the proportion of the motile sperm, which is essential for reaching the egg.
  • Sperm morphology
    It evaluates cell shape, and at least 4% of the cells must be normal.
  • Sperm vitality
    Sperm vitality determines the percentage of live sperm in a sample.
  • pH and liquefaction time
    These assess the chemical environment and how quickly semen transitions from gel to liquid state after ejaculation.

Understanding Semen Analysis Results

Semen analysis should be interpreted by comparing your values with the World Health Organisation reference ranges. Normal values are sperm concentration of more than 15 million per millilitre, total motility of over 40%, and progressive motility of over 32%.

Low or borderline outcomes do not imply infertility, but they mean that fertility potential is lower and needs medical attention. Excellent results in others might compensate for an abnormal result on one parameter. This is why the specialists look at the overall picture, considering factors like your partner’s age and overall health, to determine whether natural conception is possible or if assisted reproductive technologies might improve your chances of starting a family.

Common Conditions Detected Through Semen Analysis

Several specific conditions can be determined from your semen analysis results. Those are:

  • Oligospermia
    It is a low sperm count, below 15 million per millilitre.
  • Asthenozoospermia
    This condition is a low sperm motility that interferes with egg fertilisation.
  • Teratozoospermia
    This condition is a defect in sperm morphology and affects fertilisation ability.
  • No sperm in semen
    It is a complete absence of sperm in semen.

Each of the conditions has its own underlying factors, and accurately diagnosing them by analysing male semen is necessary to create specific intervention strategies.

Advanced male fertility testing

When standard semen analysis reveals concerns or unexplained infertility persists, advanced diagnostic testing provides deeper insights into underlying causes. Specialised diagnostic testings are:

  • DNA Fragmentation test
    This test measures breaks in sperm DNA that impact fertilisation and embryo development.
  • Male Microbiome test
    It analyses the bacterial balance in semen, which affects sperm quality and function.
  • FISH test
    Detects chromosomal abnormalities in sperm through fluorescence technology.

These advanced tests help identify specific treatment and support informed decisions about assisted reproductive techniques.

Conclusion

Knowing your fertility by getting comprehensive testing allows you to make informed choices on your reproductive future. The semen analysis is the very first positive step towards addressing fertility issues.

If you are looking for a “semen analysis test near me”, you are in the right place to get the professional service. The Male Fertility Clinic is a leading clinic that focuses solely on male reproductive health. We have a team of specialists who provide advanced diagnostics, patient-centred care and consultation, and personalised treatment plans. From the first analysis of the semen up to the advanced procedures, we support you throughout the fertility journey.

Don’t let uncertainty hold you back. Call the clinic today to schedule your appointment and start your parenthood journey.